Sunday, 4 August 2013

Dua and notes of Layla tul Qadr - the Night of Power


 

Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem

 (below is also a link to Shaykh Abdul Aziz  leture  about  Surah al-Qadr 25min audio)

1. We have sent down this (Qur'an) in the Night of Glory
Inna anzalnahu fee laylatialqadri

“Allah sent the Qur’an down all at once from the Al Lawh al Mahfuz -Preserved Tablet to the House of Might (Bayt al-’Izzah), which is in the heaven of  world. Then it came down in parts to the Messenger of Allah based upon the incidents that occurred over a period of twenty-three years.”

nazzala which indicates  gradually, while the Torah and the Gospel were revealed to the Prophets Musa (Moses) and ‘isa (Jesus) at one time, as reflected by the form anzala.

Laylatul Qadr  - Night of Power
Qadr - meaning nobility/honor/dignity   and constriction / congestion
It’s called this because so many angels are sent down to the Earth on this Night, that the Earth is filled and congested / packed with angels on this Night. thus its power.

2. And what do you know what the Night of Glory is?
Wama adraka ma laylatualqadri

to surprise you and give you awe.
What in the world could possibly give you a clue to what the Night of Power is?

By Allah repeating the words ‘Night of Qadr’ again in the 2nd ayah, it shows the Night’s strong importance.
Then for Allah to repeat the words; ‘Night of Qadr’ (Laylatul Qadr) in the 3rd ayah again, shows how extremely important and majestic this Night is in the sight of Allah.

The only time something is repeated for the 3rd time in a surah is in Surah Qadr. This gives the Night of Power a strong emphasis.

The wisdom behind not knowing when the Night of Qadr is;
- Laziness – people would only worship in this night and not in any of the other nights of the year.

3. The Night of Glory is better than a thousand months. 
Laylatu alqadri khayrun min alfi shahrin (83.3)

“There was a man from the Children of Israel who would pray all night and then fight Jihad against the enemy all day, and he did this for a thousand months. Allah then revealed the verse: {“The Night of Qadr is better than a thousand months...”} So, praying on this night is better than the actions of that man.”

Deeds you do in this night is better than the deeds you do in more than 1000 months (around 83 years and 4 months).  It’s a gift for ashort lives to catch up ibadah with pervious nations that lived long lives.

During the time of Allah’s Messenger,The Arabs would say; “I will be your friend for 1000 months” = meaning, ‘I will be your friend, always.’
So this could ayah could mean that The Night of Qadr is better than all times.

scholars commented that if you have broken up with someone i.e. A relative, a Muslim friend etc. – then this is the best night to do the good/khayr of uniting with them and removing the hard feelings between each other.

4. The angels and the Spirit descend in it with every decree, by the permission of their Lord.
 Tanazzalu almala-ikatu waalrroohu feeha bi-ithni rabbihim min kulli amrin

The angels and the Spirit-Ruh-(Jibril with Flags) descend in it with every decree, by the permission of their Lord meaning, the angels descend in abundance during the Night of Al-Qadr due to its abundant blessings.

.bi idhni Rabihim.. by the permission of their Master.

The angels descend with the descending of blessings and mercy, just as they descend when the Qur'an is recited, they surround the circles of Dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and they lower their wings with true respect for the student of knowledge.

Jibril repeats his Sunnah every year, of coming down on the day the Qur’an was first revealed.

5. That Night is peace, until the rising of the dawn.
Salamun hiya hatta matlaAAi alfajri

The entire Night, from evening till morning, is peace, free from every evil and mischief. 
The angels pass by the believers doing worship and give Salaam [prayers of peace] to every single one of them individually. What an honour.

This is a month, the 1st part of which brings Allah's Mercy, the middle of which brings Allah's forgiveness and the last part of which brings releasing from hellfire."

So what is it that brings releasing from hellfire...?

This is why Allah says;
'When Allah completed the creation, He wrote in His Book which is with Him on His Throne,'My Mercy overpowers My Anger.'


Allahumma innaka 'a-fuw-wun tuhib-bul 'afwa fa'fu 'anni'
O Allah You are The One Who forgives, and loves to forgives, so forgives me

 ‘afuw (root: ain fa wow) means to wipe away without a trace
  Al-’Afuw is one of the majestic names of Allah. You can read more about it here.

al-’Afuw: This is another aspect of forgiveness
This name occurs in the Qur’an 5 times and 4 of these times, it is linked with Al-Ghafoor. Literally the word ‘Afw means “to release” “to heal”, “to restore”, “to remit”, to leave, neglect (pardon), to wipe away, and to increase.

As for ‘afw’ its verb is ‘aafa which means to exempt, to kindly indulge, to kindly overlook (a wrong), to reduce a price.  When Allah grants afw to a servant it means at least two things. One, Allah disregards his wrongs out of kindness and two, Allah exempts him from some burdens once the servant thinks that he cannot bear it easily enough and respectfully protests his weakness.

On a large scale afw becomes ‘aafiya’ and it applies to a life free from too much trouble and suffering as well as exemption from burdens Allah could impose but out of kindness did not. Hence we hear the Messenger of Allah sws praying “Allahumma inni as’alukal-afwa wal aafiya fee deenee wa dunyaya wa- a-akhira

'Aafiyah is Allah's defence of His servant from things like disease and tribulation. 'Afu is the one who possesses great 'afw. 

And 'afiyaa-til 'abdaani is used in salawat tibbi 
 


Allahumma salli 'ala sayyidina Muhammadin  tibbil-qulubi wa dawa'iha wa  'afiyaa-til 'abdaani wa shifaa'iha wa nuril-absaari wa dhiyaa'iha wa 'ala 'alihi wa sahbihi was-sallim

O Allah convey Your Peace to our master Muhammad  and the family of Muhammad bless him, who is the medicine and remedy for our hearts,  the health and healing of our bodies, and the light and radiance of our eyes and bless his companions with peace.


The Name 'afw  implies that He ignores the sins of the servant. He knows the sins (you must know them before you can make 'afw of them) but He does not call the servant to account for it. The servant is deserving of punishment, and Allah has full ability to punish His servants, but Allah does 'afw for them. It is more than just pardoning or covering it up, it is wiping it away completely

So it means or asking Allah, “to release us from the burden of punishment due to our sins and mistakes”, “to restore our honour after we have dishonoured ourselves by committing sins and making mistakes.” Sometimes in the Qur’an both names: ‘Afuw and Ghafoor come together.

When the Name is paired with Al-Ghafoor, we see an extra level of forgiveness. Al-Ghafoor is the One who forgives no matter how large the sin. When we look back at the original supplication, we see a more profound meaning.

al-Ghafoor: The most Forgiving
This name occurs in the Qur’an more than seventy times. There are other names from the same root, such as Ghafir and Ghaffar. The meaning of the “ghafara” is to cover, to hide and from it comes the meaning “to excuse”, “to pardon”, “to remit” and “to forgive”. Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala does all these things. In the Qur’an, it is mentioned that Allah does not forgive shirk (without repentance) but He may forgive every other sin for whomsoever He wills. (al-Nisa’ 4:116) We must turn to Allah to seek His forgiveness.

In spite of that warning, He wipes our sins away for us, no matter how major they are. Not only does He wipe them away, but He loves to wipe them away.

27th Night why
Laylatul Qadr has 9 letters.   is mentioned 3 times in this surah. 9 x 3 = 27 This surah has 30 words in it (like 30 days in a month). But the 27th word is hiyya [meaning 'it'].  implies that this word is the 27th word out of the 30, the same way the 27th night is the night of Qadr out of the 30 nights.

What are the signs or indications that it’s  Laytul Qadr
"Laylatul-Qadr is calm and pleasant, neither hot nor cold; the sun arises on its morning being feeble and red."

1--Peaceful, tranquil quiet night. You do not hear the barking of dogs, donkey's don't brae, or the sound of the cockerel.
Hadith - If you hear the barking of a dog or the braying of a donkey at night, seek refuge in Allah from Satan the devil, because they see what you do no see"  and "When you hear a rooster crowing, then ask Allah for His Bounties, for it has seen an angel. As such, given the abundance of angels on Laylatul Qadr, it is likely that you would not hear very many dogs barking and donkeys braying, but may notice roosters crowing a lot more. However, remember that this is not some sort of fool proof major sign

Salamun hiya hatta matlaAAi alfajri 
That Night is peace, until the rising of the dawn.
The entire Night, from evening till morning, is peace, free from every evil and mischief.

 2--Rain may fall either during the night or during the day of that night.- there is rain. This is one of the signs of Laylatul Qadr. – Soft or gentle rain.


3--During night the sky will be lightly foggy - there are very few clouds in the sky and very little wind.

4--The angels and Gabriel all descend down onto earth for many blessings and people experience a pleasant breeze or a pleasant wind which they enjoy which they like.
5-- The sun rises early in the morning without rays and The sky will be slightly lighted without reflections and without rays.  – meaning the disc of the sun is seen without strong rays or is without any rays. The disc is a clear disc when it rises in the morning. The sun at sunrise would appear reddish and without its normal blazing and sharp rays.

“By the One in Whose Hand my soul is, the Night of Qadr is so heavy on the disbeliever and hypocrite that it feels like a mountain on his back.”

"Whosoever offers nafil prayers during the Night of Power out of belief and expecting from Allah its reward will have his past sins forgiven."  Hadith
 
 Another Dua for Ramadhan:



 another dua for Ramadhan, this meaning:

allaahumma rabba shahri ramaz'aanal lad'ee anzalta feehil qur-aana waftaraz'ta a'laa i'baadika feehls s'iyaama s'alli a'laa muh'ammadin wa aali muhammad warzuqnee h'ajja baytikal h'araam fee a'amee haad'aa wa fee kulli a'am waghfir lee tilkad'd'unoobal i'z'aam fa-innahoo laa yaghfiruhaa ghayruka yaa rah'maan yaa a'llaam


O Allah, the Lord, (this is) the month of Ramadan, in it Thou revealed the Holy Quran, and in it made obligatory "fasting" upon Thy servants, send blessings on Muhammad and on the children of Muhammad, and provide us with the means to go to Thy Sacred House for "Hajj" this year and every year; and in this month forgive my grave sins, verily, other than Thee, no one can liberate (me) from its consequences, O Beneficent, O Omniscient.


Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem
1 Inna anzalnahu fee laylati alqadri

We have sent down this (Qur'an) in the Night of Glory
2. Wama adraka ma laylatu alqadri

And what do you know what the Night of Glory is?
3. Laylatu alqadri khayrun min alfi shahrin

The Night of Glory is better than a thousand months. 
4. Tanazzalu almalaikatu waalrroohu feeha biithni rabbihim min kulli amrin

The angels and the Spirit descend in it with every decree, by the permission of their Lord.
5. Salamun hiya hatta matlaAAi alfajri
That Night is peace, until the rising of the dawn.

Shaykh Abdul Aziz expounds upon the meaning of Surah al-Qadr in this free to download 25min audio.

 About Shaykh Abdul Aziz Ahmed 
(Shaykh Abdul Aziz Ahmed is Chairperon of  Kitaba- speical needs site) Shaykh Abdul Aziz Ahmed Fredericks was born in Nottingham in the United Kingdom where he completed his schooling before moving to Leicester for University studies. He completed a BEd degree in primary education specialising in Language Arts. He then went on to carry out post-graduate studies in Education in various universities including London University Institute of Education, Strathclyde University and the Open University.

He also did research at the School of Oriental and African Studies. He has published a number of articles on education and designed the curriculum of Islamia School London at the time it achieved Voluntary Aided Status. The curriculum was published by the Islamia Schools Trust.
He edited many books on Islam including several under the direct supervision of his teacher, Fethullah Gulen. He has worked as a teacher, Head Teacher and School Prinicipal in England, Scotland, South Africa, Saudi Arabia and USA.

As an educational consultant, he has worked on projects in Turkey, Yemen, Kenya, Jordan and South Africa. He has a special interest in special educational needs and additional support and currently works full time as Additional Support Manager for a local education authority. He has worked as a policy advisor for several education authorities and schools including the UK Madrasa network.

His Islamic Studies took him to various parts of the world where he studied under many prominent traditional scholars. They include Ahmed Mashur al-Haddad under whom he studied in Jeddah and Abdul Rahman al-Khitamy in Kenya. He translated the Essentials of Islam by Ahmed bin Zayn al-Habashi and Forty Hadith on the Quran by Mullah ‘Ali al-Qari and is currently working on translations of al-Nasaih al-Dinniya of Imam al-Haddad and Riyadatul Sibyan of Imam al-Ramli.

Shaykh Abdul Aziz uses his teaching experience and interest in special needs in his dawah work calling people to Allah. Many of the courses he teaches use modern teaching methods and an interactive style. He has taught various books around the world including The Book of Assistance of Imam al-Haddad and the Forty Hadith of Imam al-Nawawi. His interest in special educational needs drove him to co-found the organisation Islamic Texts for the Blind (Kitaba). The Islamic Texts for the Blind produces books in Braille and audio format, provides accessible online classes and has an accessible web site with Islamic resources and translations. They work with government and voluntary organisations to meet the religious and cultural needs of disabled Muslims.

 Shaykh Abdul Aziz authored the book Living with Blindness which was used to launch a number of conferences on The Marginalised in Society addressing issues of disability and access to mosques, institutions and Islamic teachings. He is an active campaigner for free and open access to Islamic teaching for all. He currently lives in Glasgow, Scotland with his wife and two children.



Giving Sadaqah will help with Duas being answered, Sins be erased and sicknesses are sometimes due to sins; Showing gratitude is sunnah and Allah loves those slaves who shows gratitude; gratitude earns more (ziyada) favours from Allah, Allah promises increased favours for those who are grateful and (hates misers see hadith below) "And when your Lord proclaimed: "If you are thankful, I will give you more"(14:7) and "We shall reward those who are thankful" (3:45)  Allah informs us that one of Satans primary objectives is to prevent humans from being grateful. So show you  support be Thankful for these Duas and Khidma and take more rewards from Allah by Helping and Support “The Sufi Healing Project” through Uns Foundation and take the barakah of this site and all the people who read its duas too through Sadaqah Jariyah.

Giving a small amount of sadaqah monthly is continuous giving which is most beloved deed before Allah. Everyday 70 problems come our way and Sadaqah is a shield to protect yourself and your family. The most beloved deed before Allah is that which is continuous, even if it is little. The constant giving of a little is said to please Allah more than the occasional gift of a lot. So if it’s in your means to donate a small amount of £2-£3 or more a month and Support “The Sufi Healing Project” through Uns Foundation.

Know about the shield of giving: "Give Sadaqah without delay, for it stands in the way of problems/calamities."(Tirmidhi) it says 70 problems that is one is shielded from 70 problems with just a small amount of sadaqah.

Saqaqah washes your sins away: "Sadaqah extinguishes sin as water extinguishes fire." (Tirmidhi) "Sadaqah appeases-(To satisfy or relieve) the Lord’s anger and averts an evil death." (Tirmidhi)

The Shade of Sadaqah: “The believer’s shade on the Day of Resurrection will be his Sadaqah.” (Tirmidhi)  "The generous man is near Allah, near paradise, near men and far from hell, but the miserly man is far from Allah, far from paradise, far from men and near hell. Indeed, an ignorant man who is generous is dearer to Allah than a worshipper who is miserly."(Tirmidhi)
 

Muhammad Sajad Ali
Sufi Webmaster/ Instructor, Herbalist and Healing Therapist

Uns Foundation UK- Uns means-'Spiritual Love'

and its through Spiritual Love we are helping to heal broken souls and hearts
If you suffer from any physical pain or emotional issues and need help
or Spiritual Healing, Support, Mentoring, Therapy or Sufi Islamic Guidance?
Contact: Sufi Healing Project- Uns Foundation-Muhammad Sajad Ali

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Why is it so important to give Sadaqah even a little  as £1 or £3 or more a month

Sunday, 13 January 2013

Hans Christian Andersen and The Mawlid in Istanbul

Hans Christian Andersen in Istanbul 1841 : The Mawlid of the Prophet Muhammad (s)
(Please forward this story to all Muslim and non-Muslim Thank You)



The famous Danish author and poet Hans Christian Andersen (1805 - 1875) is famous for his

fairy tales like “The Little Mermaid”, “The Ugly Duckling” and “The Princess on the Pea”. HansChristian Andersen was also a great traveler, and the longest of his journeys took him across Europe to Constantinople in 1841.

 The lengthy excerpt reproduced here recounts a visit to Istanbul (Constantinople) on the occasion of the birthday celebration, or Mawlid, for the Prophet Muhammad. He also recounts the public procession of the Sultan and his entourage from the Serail (meaning Topkapı Saray or Palace). The account gives yet another interesting outsider perspective on Ottoman life and society.


He mentions in his diary, “in Constantinople I passed eleven interesting days; and according tomy good fortune in travel, the birthday of Mahomet itself fell exactly during my stay there. I saw the grand illumination, which completely transported me into the Thousand and One Nights.” It was from these travel experiences that he wrote the story “Mahomet's Birthday. A Scene in Constantinople”. A fragment from “Mahomet's Birthday. A Scene in Constantinople” written by Hans Christian Andersen.


The following passage is found in an 1889 publication entitled Stories for the Household as are the two images (pp. 829 & 845 respectively) in this post:

MAHOMET’S BIRTHDAY. 
A SCENE IN CONSTANTINOPLE.
THE fourth of April is the birthday of the Prophet. Already on the eve of that day the celebration began; and to say the truth, the performance on the eve was the prettiest part of the festivity. I considered it unfortunate that the night happened to be moonlight, and that the Osmanli police regulations demanded that every one who went out after sundown should carry a light in a lantern; but I was obliged to submit, for the police regulation could not be altered, nor could the moonlight.

A young Russian named Aderhas and I associated ourselves together, and, without a companion, but duly provided with a light in a great paper lantern, we sallied forth to behold the illumination in honour of the Prophet.

“We went through a narrow street of Pera, and before us lay a scene of fantastic beauty, such as we can only see in the North in a wondrous dream. From the row of houses near which we stood down towards the bay extended a churchyard, that is to say, a cypress grove, with thick dark trees ; and dark night rested upon it. Over rough hills, downwards among the tall trees, winds the path which the footsteps of men and the hoofs of horses have worn, sometimes among the tombs, sometimes among fallen grave-stones.

Here and there a blue lantern was seen moving to and fro, which soon disappeared, to reappear shortly upon the black background of the picture.

In the churchyard a few lonely houses lie scattered, and the lights glimmered from the upper windows, or were carried to and fro upon the balconies.
Beyond the cypress-tops shone, blue as a Damascene blade, the Gulf with its many ships.

Two of these, the largest, were richly ornamented with burning lamps, which glittered around the portholes, the masts, and the guns also, or were hung in the rigging, which shone like a spangled net. Just before us lay the town itself, the great far-spreading Constantinople, with its countless minarets all wreathed with garlands of lamps.

The air was still red with the sheen of the setting sun, but so clear and transparent that the mountains of Asia, and Olympus, covered with perpetual snow, showed their sharp broken outlines like a silver-white cloud behind the glorious city. The moonlight did not deaden the splendour of the lamps, but only brought out the minarets in relief, till they looked like gigantic flower-stalks crowned with blossoms of flame.

The smaller minarets had one starry wreath, the larger two, and the largest of all three, one over the other. Not a human being was to be seen in our neighbourhood, all was lonely and still. We wandered down among the cypresses; a nightingale was raising its flute-like voice, and turtle-doves cooed among the shadows of the trees.

“We came past a little sentry-house, built of planks, and painted red; a little fire had been kindled in front of it, among the gravestones, and soldiers were reclining around it. They were dressed in European garb; but their complexion and features proclaimed them of Ishmael’s race, children of the desert. With long pipes in their mouths, they lay and listened to a story. This story was about Mahomet’s birth.


The nightingale translated it for us, or we should not have understood it. Here it is:

La illah il Allah!” “There is no God but God!” In the city of Mecca the merchants assembled for the sake of traffic; thither came Egyptian, and Persian, and Indian, and Syrian dealers. Each one had his idol in the temple Kabba, and a son of Ishmael’s race filled the highest office, namely, that of satisfying the hunger of the pilgrims and quenching their thirst. In his piety he wished, like Abraham, to offer up his son as a sacrifice; but the prophetess declared that the handsome Abdallah should live, and a hundred camels were sacrificed in his stead. “La illah il Allah!
And Abdallah grew to be a man, and was so handsome that a hundred maidens died for love of him. The prophetic flame shone on his forehead, the flame which passed hidden from race to race, until the Prophet was born, Mahomet, the first and the last. The prophetess Fatima saw this flame, and she offered a hundred camels if he would be her husband; but he married Amina, and the prophetic flame vanished from his forehead and burned in Amina’s heart. “La illah il Allah!
And the next year came round; the flowers had never been so sweet as they were this year, never had the fruits on the trees swelled with, such abundance of juice; and the rocks trembled, and the lake Sava sank into the earth, the idols fell down in the temple, and the demons, who wanted to storm the heavens, fell from the sky like millions of shooting stars, hurled down by the mighty hand that wielded the lance; for in that night Mahomet the Prophet was born. “La illah il Allah!

This was the story the nightingale translated for us, for the nightingale understands Turkish just as well as our own language. We went forth beneath the tower of Pera, out to the convent of the dancing dervishes, and a beauteous panorama met our view.

The whole Sea of Marmora lay before us, lighted up by the rays of the moon, and in the mid-distance Scutari [Üsküdar] stood forth, its minarets gleaming with many lamps like those of Constantinople. The Mosque of St. Sophia with its four, and the Mosque of Ahmed with its six minarets, stood forth in especial splendour, each pinnacle crowned with a double or a triple garland of glittering stars.

They seemed to surround the garden of the Serail, which stretched down towards the Bosphorus, dark as a starless night. No light shone in the palace of the sultanas near the shore; but there where the Golden Horn ends, a sword of flame had been reared, that threw a ruddy glow over the waters. Innumerable little boats, gaily decked out with red, green, or blue paper lanterns, darted like fireflies between the shores of the two continents. All the great line-of-battle ships blazed with lamps; every ship, nay, every rope and spar, could be clearly seen, the outlines drawn in fiery colours.

Scutari and Stamboul seemed united by the gleaming water with its rows of shining sparks. It was a fairy city, a city of the fancy, with a magic haze poured forth over it; and only two points were covered by mysterious darkness: in Asia the great churchyard behind Scutari; in Europe, the garden of the Serail. Night and dreams lay brooding over both spots the dead heroes are dreaming of the maidens of Paradise, and in the night of the Serail the dreams are those of earthly beauties, charming and fair as the houris of Paradise.

The streets of Pera were filled with a throng of Greeks, Jews, and Franks, each carrying his lantern or his candle. It was an Oriental procession of Moccoli; but the costumes were far more correct, more rich and varied, than those in the Corso of Rome on the last evening of the Carnival. In front of the palaces of the foreign ministers lamps were burning, erected in the form of pyramids, or in a great M, the initial letter of the Prophet’s name.

At nine o’clock cannon were fired from all the ships; there was a thundering din, like that of a sea-fight; all the windows shook; shot after shot boomed forth, announcing the hour at which the Prophet was born.

I fell asleep amid the thunder of the cannon, and was awaked early by the same sound. Merry music of Rossini and Donizetti sounded through the streets: the troops were marching on, to be paraded between the Serail and the Mosque of Ahmed, whither the Sultan was about to proceed in state.
The Danish Consul, Romain, an Italian, came to fetch me. A young Turk, with pistols in his girdle and two long tobacco-pipes an his hand, walked before us; an old Armenian, in a dark blue fluttering caftan, and a black jar-shaped hat on his shaven head, came after us, carrying our cloaks; and thus we strolled through the main street of Pera, down towards Galata.

The servants stepped into a boat, we two embarked in another, and now we rowed across the Gulf, darting swiftly among hundreds of others, whose rowers shouted and howled at each other, as one or other of the boats ran the risk of being swamped. At the landing-place in Constantinople the mass of gondolas formed a huge swaying bridge, across which we had to skip, to reach the firm land, which is bordered by decayed planks and beams.

The crowd was great, but soon we came to a broad side street. Here were many people, but there was room enough. Great crowds of veiled women wended along the same way with us, and soon we had arrived under the walls of the Serail, which are very high towards the town, and look like the walls of an old fortress.

Here and there is a tower, with a little door, which looks as if it had never been opened; the hinges were covered with grass and climbing plants. Great old trees stretched their leafy branches across the old walls; one could fancy one’s self on the borders of the forest in which sleeps the enchanted Princess.

We chose our position in front of the Mosque of St. Sophia, between the great fountain and the entrance to the Serail. From this point the Mosque of St. Sophia, with its numerous cupolas and subsidiary buildings, has a whimsical resemblance to a great flower-bulb to which several smaller bulbs have attached themselves. The terraces in the foreground were thronged with Turkish women and children, and the shining white veils worn by the former gave the scene quite a festive air.

The fountain behind us is the largest and most beautiful in Constantinople. With the name “fountain” we usually associate the idea of a basin with a jet of water plashing up from it; but in Turkey fountains have a very different appearance; and a more correct idea of their appearance will be obtained by imagining a square house, whose walls are quite Pompeian in their variegated richness of colour: the white groundwork is painted with inscriptions from the Koran in red, blue, and gilt letters; and from little niches, to which brazen basins are fastened, the consecrated water ripples forth, with which the Mussulman bathes his hands and face at certain hours of the day.

The roof is painted and gilt with quite a Chinese richness of colour. The dove, the sacred bird of the Turks, builds its nest here: in hundreds they flew over our heads, to and fro between the fountain and the Mosque of St. Sophia.

All around were a number of Turkish coffee-houses, all built of wood, with balconies, almost like the Swiss houses in appearance, but more gaudy and less solid: before each there stretched a little plantation of trees; and all these plantations were occupied by smoking and coffee-drinking Turks, who quite lit up the gardens and the fronts of the houses with their bright-coloured caftans: some of them wore turbans, others fez caps.

Between the fountain and the great gate leading into the forecourt of the Serail, two long scaffolds had been erected of boards placed on tubs and tables. The second of these was higher than the first, and on the lower one veiled Turkish women of the lowest class were reclining. Old Turks, Persians, and a few Frankish strangers, whose unveiled women were objects of universal attention, held their station on the upper platform.

Now appeared several regiments of Turkish soldiers, all dressed in European fashion, in tight trousers and close jackets, white cross-belts across their chests, and red fez caps on their heads. The guards made a very good appearance in their new uniforms, with tight stock and collars; and, as I was told, they wore gloves to-day for the first time. Some of the other regiments seemed in most lamentable plight: not only were the men of all possible complexions, white, brown, and coal-black soldiers all mingled together, but some of them were lame, and others had club feet.

Their European uniforms were too tight for them, consequently the majority had ripped up the seam of the sleeves at the elbow, and many had cut their trousers at the knee, that they might move their legs with greater freedom; consequently naked elbows were seen protruding all along the line, and during the march many a red, brown, or black knee protruded from the blue trouser.

Especially remarkable was one regiment, which I might almost call the “barefoot warriors,” for some of them had only one boot and one shoe, while others shuffled along with bare feet thrust into slippers of different colours. Amid a din of military music, they all marched into the courtyard of the Serail, and, after defiling before the Sultan, came back and drew up in line along both sides of the way: Ethiopians and Bulgarians stood side by side, and the Bedouin became the neighbour of the shepherd’s son from the Balkan.

At ten o’clock the procession was to begin; but it was nearly twelve before the Sultan thought fit to leave the Serail. The sun shone warm as in summer; cup after cup of coffee was quaffed, and once or twice the lower platform gave way, and all the Turkish women tumbled down in a heap.

It was a long time to wait. Until within a few years, it was the custom to bring out to this spot the heads of those who had been decapitated in the courtyard of the Serail, and to throw them to the dogs; but everything looked peaceable enough now.

Young Turks who could speak a little French or Italian began a conversation with us and with other Franks, and showed the greatest willingness to explain to us whatever they thought might excite our interest. Below us, in front of the walls of the Serail, lay spread the Sea of Marmora, enlivened with many a sail, and glittering in the sunshine; and high up, in the background, the snow-covered mountain-peaks of Asia glowed in the clear blue-green sky.

I had never before seen this grassy glimmer in the air. A young Turk, who told me he had been born on the banks of the Euphrates, assured me that yonder the sky sometimes showed rather green than blue.

But now a cannon-shot resounded from the garden of the Serail: the procession was starting. First came a mounted military band, even the drummer and the man who played the cymbals were on horseback: the latter musician let the reins hang loose on the horse’s neck, while he clashed the brazen plates in the sunlight.

Now came the Sultan’s guards, as soldierly a body of men as you would see in any Christian kingdom; then a number of splendid horses were led along, without riders, but all decked in gorgeous trappings, red, blue, and green, and all powdered with jewels. The horses danced along on their strong slender legs, tossing their heads and shaking their manes, while their red nostrils quivered like the leaf of the mimosa, and more than instinct seemed to flash from their bright eyes.

Now came a mounted troop of young officers, all clad in the European costume, but wearing the fez cap; they were followed by civil and military officials, all clad in the same way; and now the Grand Vizier of the empire appeared, an old man, with a long beard of snowy whiteness. Bands of music had been posted at different points, and relieved each other at intervals. In general, pieces from Rossini’s “William Tell” were played, but suddenly they were broken off, and the strains of the young Sultan’s favourite march were heard.

This march had been composed by the brother of Donizetti, who has been appointed band-master here. Now came the Sultan, preceded by a troop of Arabian horses still more gorgeously caparisoned than those who had gone before. Rubies and emeralds formed rosettes for the horses’ ears; the morocco leather bridles were covered with precious stones, and saddles and saddle-cloths were wrought with pearls and jewels.
 It seemed as though we were looking on the work of a spirit of Aladdin’s lamp. Surrounded by a number of young men on foot, all displaying a feminine Oriental beauty, as if a number of Turkish women had ventured abroad without their veils, came riding on his splendid Arab horse the young “nineteen-year-old” Sultan Abdul Medjid.
He wore a green coat buttoned across the chest, and wore no ornament, except one great jewel with which the bird of Paradise feather was fastened in his red fez cap. He looked very pale and thin, had melancholy features, and fixed his dark eyes firmly on the spectators, especially on the Franks.
We took off our hats and bowed; the soldiers shouted out, “Long live the Emperor!” but he made not a gesture in acknowledgment of our salutes.
 “Why does he not notice our salutes?” I inquired of a young Turk at my side. “He must have seen that we took off our hats.”
 “He looked at you,” replied the Turk; “he looked at you very closely.”
With this we had to be content, for it was considered as good as the best acknowledgment. I told the Turk that all Frankish princes acknowledged the salutes of their subjects with uncovered heads, a statement which seemed quite incredible to him.
Pachas and other grandees of the empire now came by; then Frankish officers in the Turkish employ; and then a number of servants, male and female Turks, closed the procession. Such a crowd, such a pushing to and fro! Half-naked street boys with dingy turbans, old beggar women with ragged veils, but with coloured trousers and morocco slippers, pushed noisily through the throng.
Allah akbar!” “God is great!” they shouted, when the soldiers tried to drive them back with the butt-ends of their muskets. The whole street was like a many-coloured stream of fez caps, turbans, and veils, and on both sides, like reeds along the river’s banks, rose the glittering bayonets.

Whenever parties of Franks wished to pass through the ranks of the military, Turkish officers came forward and made room for them with the greatest politeness, pushing aside their fellow-countrymen, who contented themselves with gazing upon the favoured Franks, and shouting once more, “Allah akbar!” (pp. 830-836)
Hans Christian Andersen. 1889. Stories for the Household. London: George Routledge and Sons.

taken from  http://islamicana.com/2012/05/10/andersen-in-istanbul-the-mawlid-of-the-prophet-muhammad/



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